The Asia-Pacific Conference on Security and International Relations 2015, Kobe, Japan
Official Conference Proceedings

The Asia-Pacific Conference on Security and International Relations 2015, Kobe, Japan
Official Conference Proceedings

The Asia-Pacific Conference on Security and International Relations 2015, Kobe, Japan
Official Conference Proceedings

This paper is an elaboration of the research results generated from three activities:
a meta-analysis, field studies and reflexivity. The fieldwork took place in Melaka
and Dumai. The network of human smuggling in the Malacca Strait takes three main
forms; fraud models, demand models and necessity model. The first two models are
most often used as tools to investigate elements related to human trafficking, including
human smuggling. There are important differences to human smuggling especially on
the necessity model. In this area the root problem lies on the invisible actors, including
the state and other violence actors which sometime the researcher tends to ignore.
Human smuggling has affected state security, from territorial security until the state
power and sovereignty including human security. Therefore, the most appropriate
way to combat human smuggling is a defensive strategy in which elements of ethics
and responsibility of governance are integrated in it. By including moral values,
the state could still possibly serve as a basis for security policy, and as a force for
improvements in global security governance.

Keyword: human smuggling, state security, Malacca Straits, defensive strategy

Ranny Emilia
Zulkifli Harza
Virtuous Setyaka
Maihasni